![]() ![]() ![]() The mystical landscape is dominated by grey strokes of paint in the sky and a river that looks like a black mass. Most of the dark tones are on the top right and most of the lights are on the bottom left. There is a strong diagonal division of light and dark tones. The way Rembrandt utilizes the proportions, the dark tones, and the contrasts of light is exceptional. He chose to paint a river with small boats, solitary figures, a stone bridge, and trees in a mesmerizing atmosphere, illuminated from multiple light sources. Landscape with a Stone Bridge is one of the nine landscape paintings Rembrandt created. Although this Dutch painter is best known for his realistic and dramatic portraits, he also made some exceptional landscape paintings. The golden age of Dutch landscape painting of 17th-century art promoted a group of talented artists, including Rembrandt, who captured in their paintings the Dutch countryside. Unlike many other Dutch painters in the Golden Age, he never left the Dutch Republic. Rembrandt is regarded as the greatest Dutch painter of all time. The painting exudes calmness and tranquility, contrary to the typical turbulent and disorganized landscapes of other Dutch painters.Ĥ) Rembrandt van Rijn: Τhe Titan of Dutch Landscape Painting Landscape with a Stone Bridge by Rembrandt van Rijn, 1638, via Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam The Avenue at Middelharnis features a delicate landscape with a partly cloudy sky, tall, narrow trees, and a long road. His landscapes are carefully composed from his imagination. Hobbema specialized in wooded landscapes, which are often structured around stands of woods and hedges, trees, watermills, cottage houses, and hills. However, Hobbema keeps the contrasts of light and shade and the cloud formations, reflecting the landscape paintings of Ruisdael. Ruisdael prefers bushy, solid masses, while Hobbema chooses thin trees with great detail. Even their depiction of trees is different. ![]() His landscape paintings were sunny, bright, and peaceful. Unlike his teacher who explored dark and moody landscapes, Hobbema had another approach. He was a pupil of Jacob van Ruisdael, who had a profound impact on his artistic development. Meindert Hobbema was born in 1638 and spent the majority of his life in Amsterdam. Mainly, his subjects derive from religion, history, and mythology.ģ) Meindert Hobbema The Avenue at Middelharnis by Meindert Hobbema, 1689, via National Gallery, London These artistic influences and the knowledge of Renaissance classicism and ancient history shaped the style Rubens is known for. At an early age, he traveled to Italy, where he became influenced by the works of great Renaissance painters including Titian, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, and Michelangelo. The well-known Flemish artist and his extraordinary talent marked the entire Baroque era. Peter Paul Rubens was one of the great international figures in 17th-century European art. This painting expresses the pride of the Ruisdael for his nation through the prominence of the windmill, a symbol of the Dutch Republic.Ģ) Peter Paul Rubens The Rainbow Landscape by Peter Paul Rubens, 1636, via the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York The smoke from the chimney and the clouds that are breaking through the sunlight, filling the scene with character and emotion. Ruisdael has painted out looming, heavy clouds in the sky, creating dramatic visual tension. This landscape features a compact windmill in the city of Wijk Bij Duurstede that rises in the vast, melancholic sky. Windmills are very prominent in Dutch Golden Age art, symbolizing Dutch prosperity. One of the most emblematic works of 17th-century art in the Dutch Republic is Ruisdael’s Windmill at Wijk Bij Duurstede. He used to depict landscapes with windmills, canals, waterfalls, rivers, hills, and castles in melancholic atmospheres. His works are characterized by various types of landscapes, from winter and dramatic forest scenes to river landscapes and panoramic views of Haarlem. 1670, via Rijksmuseum, Amsterdamīorn in Haarlem, Netherlands, in 1628, Jacob van Ruisdael is considered one of the greatest Dutch painters that focused on painting landscapes. 1) Jacob van Ruisdael: The Most Influential Among the Dutch Painters The Windmill at Wijk bij Duurstede by Jacob Isaacksz van Ruisdael, c. ![]()
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